A depressive episode is one that mimics major depressive disorder but could be a completely isolated incident. Others may experience repeated bouts of depression and are diagnosed with major depressive disorder. Some people experience one episode, and that's it. One can have a depressive episode that is isolated. However, when sadness persists for long periods without reason, you may be experiencing clinical depression. It is common for people to feel sad when there's a death in the family, financial stress, a breakup, or losing a job. Depression is known for causing significant problems in a person's daily life. When a person is depressed, they experience a loss of interest in activities they once enjoyed. That can help you when you speak to a medical professional to report your symptoms.ĭepression is a clinical term that describes a persistent depressed mood. You can request to take the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) from medical or mental health care professionals, or you can find it online to take a self-assessment. To understand what the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is and how it is used, it's crucial to first learn about how it was developed. Beck, a renowned psychiatrist, who is considered the "father of Cognitive Behavior Therapy." Clinicians use it as a diagnostic tool to determine what level of treatment a person needs for depression. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is a 21-question self-report rating used to measure the symptoms of depression in an individual. The National Suicide Prevention Lifeline can be reached at 1-80, and is available 24/7. If you or a loved one are experiencing suicidal thoughts, reach out for help immediately. doi:10.Content/Trigger Warning: Please be advised that this article contains mentions of suicidal ideation. Discriminant validity of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Beck Depression Inventory (II) and Beck Anxiety Inventory to confirmed clinical diagnosis of depression and anxiety in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Reliability and Validity of the Beck Depression Inventory-II among Korean Adolescents. Lee EH, Lee SJ, Hwang ST, Hong SH, Kim JH. Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory-II: a comprehensive review. Cross-cultural examination of measurement invariance of the Beck Depression Inventory-II. doi:10.1037/pas0000275ĭere J, Watters CA, Yu SC, Bagby RM, Ryder AG, Harkness KL. Or not? Lack of unidimensionality and longitudinal measurement invariance in four common rating scales of depression. doi:10.1177/1352458520921073įried EI, van Borkulo CD, Epskamp S, Schoevers RA, Tuerlinckx F, Borsboom D. Predicting self-reported depression after the onset of multiple sclerosis using genetic and non-genetic factors. A comparison of self-report and clinical diagnostic interviews for depression: diagnostic interview schedule and schedules for clinical assessment in neuropsychiatry in the Baltimore epidemiologic catchment area follow-up. Trends in (not) using scales in major depression: A categorization and clinical orientation. Neurovegetative symptom subtypes in young people with major depressive disorder and their structural brain correlates. Toenders YJ, Schmaal L, Harrison BJ, Dinga R, Berk M, Davey CG. Measures of depression and depressive symptoms: Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J.
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